Zener breakdown takes place if

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(B) Zener breakdown occurs in heavily doped $P-N$ junction diodes. In heavily doped diodes,the depletion layer is very thin. When a reverse bias volta

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Doped impurity is high

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(B) Zener breakdown occurs in heavily doped $P-N$ junction diodes. In heavily doped diodes,the depletion layer is very thin. When a reverse bias voltage is applied,the electric field across the thin depletion layer becomes very strong,which pulls electrons out of their covalent bonds. This process is known as Zener breakdown. In contrast,lightly doped diodes have a wider depletion layer,and avalanche multiplication is the primary mechanism for breakdown in those cases.

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