(D) The common cold is caused by rhinoviruses,which infect the nose and respiratory passage but do not affect the lungs.In contrast,pneumonia is cause

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Pneumonia pathogens infect the alveoli whereas the common cold affects the nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs.

(D) The common cold is caused by rhinoviruses,which infect the nose and respiratory passage but do not affect the lungs.In contrast,pneumonia is caused by pathogens like $Streptococcus$ $pneumoniae$ and $Haemophilus$ $influenzae$,which infect the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs,leading to fluid accumulation.Therefore,option $D$ correctly highlights the difference in the site of infection.

Class 12 Biology Human Health and Disease Mix Examples - Human Health and Disease

Medium

The common cold differs from pneumonia in that:

A
Pneumonia is a communicable disease whereas the common cold is a nutritional deficiency disease.
B
Pneumonia can be prevented by a live attenuated bacterial vaccine whereas there is no effective vaccine for the common cold.
C
Pneumonia is caused by a virus while the common cold is caused by the bacterium $Haemophilus$ $influenzae$.
D
Pneumonia pathogens infect the alveoli whereas the common cold affects the nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs.