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(A) Species diversity follows specific patterns based on geography and climate. $1$. Latitudinal gradients: Species diversity is generally highest in

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High altitude to low altitude and high latitude to low latitude

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(A) Species diversity follows specific patterns based on geography and climate. $1$. Latitudinal gradients: Species diversity is generally highest in the tropics (low latitudes) and decreases as we move towards the poles (high latitudes). Therefore,diversity increases as one moves from high latitudes to low latitudes. $2$. Altitudinal gradients: Species diversity is generally higher at lower altitudes (near sea level) and decreases as we move to higher altitudes (mountains). Therefore,diversity increases as one moves from high altitudes to low altitudes. Thus,species diversity increases as one moves from high altitude to low altitude and from high latitude to low latitude.

Column-$I$ (Location)	Column-$II$ (Number of Bird Species)
$P$. Colombia	$I$. $56$
$Q$. New York	$II$. $105$
$R$. Greenland	$III$. $1200$
$S$. India	$IV$. $1400$
$T$. Amazonian rain forest	$V$. $1300$

Species diversity increases as one moves from .......... .

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Column-$I$ (Location) Column-$II$ (Number of Bird Species)

$P$. Colombia $I$. $56$

$Q$. New York $II$. $105$

$R$. Greenland $III$. $1200$

$S$. India $IV$. $1400$

$T$. Amazonian rain forest $V$. $1300$

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