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(C) Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive blood disorder. In $\alpha$-Thalassemia,the production of the $\alpha$-globin chain is affected,which is con

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$\alpha$-Thalassemia

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(C) Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive blood disorder. In $\alpha$-Thalassemia,the production of the $\alpha$-globin chain is affected,which is controlled by two closely linked genes,$HBA1$ and $HBA2$,located on chromosome $16$. Defects in these genes lead to reduced or absent production of $\alpha$-globin chains,which impairs the formation of hemoglobin,thereby affecting the transport of respiratory gases like oxygen. In contrast,$\beta$-Thalassemia is caused by mutations in the $HBB$ gene located on chromosome $11$.

Which disease is caused by a gene defect located on chromosome $16$,leading to a deficiency that affects the transport of respiratory gases?

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