What is activated sludge?

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(C) In the process of sewage treatment,the primary effluent is passed into large aeration tanks where it is constantly agitated mechanically and air i

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The sedimented flocs in the settling tank

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(C) In the process of sewage treatment,the primary effluent is passed into large aeration tanks where it is constantly agitated mechanically and air is pumped into it.This allows vigorous growth of useful aerobic microbes into flocs (masses of bacteria associated with fungal filaments to form mesh-like structures).While growing,these microbes consume the major part of the organic matter in the effluent.This significantly reduces the Biochemical Oxygen Demand $(BOD)$ of the effluent.Once the $BOD$ of sewage or wastewater is reduced significantly,the effluent is then passed into a settling tank where the bacterial 'flocs' are allowed to sediment.This sediment is called 'activated sludge'.

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