$A$ convex lens of refractive index $1.5$ and focal length $f = 18 \ cm$ is immersed in water. The difference in focal lengths of the given lens when it is in water and in air is $\alpha \times f$. The value of $\alpha$ is . . . . . . . (Refractive index of water $= 4/3$)

  • A
    $1$
  • B
    $2$
  • C
    $3$
  • D
    $4$

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$A$ thin convex lens is made of two materials with refractive indices $n_1$ and $n_2$,as shown in the figure. The radii of curvature of the left and right spherical surfaces are equal. $f$ is the focal length of the lens when $n_1 = n_2 = n$. The focal length is $f + \Delta f$ when $n_1 = n$ and $n_2 = n + \Delta n$. Assuming $\Delta n \ll (n - 1)$ and $1 < n < 2$,which of the following statement$(s)$ is/are correct?
$(1)$ The relation between $\frac{\Delta f}{f}$ and $\frac{\Delta n}{n}$ remains unchanged if both the convex surfaces are replaced by concave surfaces of the same radius of curvature.
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