Select the incorrect statement$(s)$.

  • A
    Natural selection is based on heritable variations and the production of a large number of offspring through reproduction.
  • B
    During the establishment of natural selection,many organisms acquire values other than the mean character value.
  • C
    $500$ million years ago,invertebrates were formed and were active.
  • D
    Reptiles lay thick-shelled eggs that do not dry up in the sun unlike those of amphibians.

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$A$: $Lycaenops$ is a connecting link between reptiles and mammals.
$R$: In the $Permian$ period,there was an origin of mammal-like reptiles.

What type of evolution is shown in the figure?

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Column-$I$ Column-$II$
$(1)$ Human embryos have gill $(a)$ Chemical evolution
$(2)$ Oparin and Haldane $(b)$ Simulation experiment
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$(4)$ Analogous organ $(d)$ Ontogeny repeats phylogeny

Select the correct option for the wings of a butterfly and the wings of a bird.

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