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(C) The $1s$ orbital can accommodate a maximum of $2$ electrons according to the Pauli exclusion principle,which states that no two electrons in an at

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Pauli exclusion principle

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(C) The $1s$ orbital can accommodate a maximum of $2$ electrons according to the Pauli exclusion principle,which states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of all four quantum numbers. Since an $s$-orbital has only one subshell $(m_l = 0)$ and can hold electrons with opposite spins ($m_s = +1/2$ and $-1/2$),it cannot hold $7$ electrons. Therefore,the configuration $1s^7$ violates the Pauli exclusion principle.

If the electronic configuration of a nitrogen atom were $1s^7$,its energy would be lower than the ground state configuration $1s^2 2s^2 2p^3$ because the electrons would be closer to the nucleus. However,the configuration $1s^7$ is not observed. Which of the following principles is violated?

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