The human heart discharges $75 \ cc$ of blood per beat against a pressure of $10 \ cm$ of $Hg$. If the heart beats $72$ times per minute,calculate the power of the heart in $W$. (Given: density of $Hg = 13.6 \ g/cc$ and $g = 9.8 \ m/s^2$)

$(a)$ It is known that the density $\rho$ of air decreases with height $y$ as $\rho = \rho_{0} e^{-y / y_{0}}$,where $\rho_{0} = 1.25 \; kg \, m^{-3}$ is the density at sea level,and $y_{0}$ is a constant. This density variation is called the law of atmospheres. Obtain this law assuming that the temperature of the atmosphere remains constant (isothermal conditions). Also,assume that the value of $g$ remains constant.
$(b)$ $A$ large $He$ balloon of volume $1425 \; m^{3}$ is used to lift a payload of $400 \; kg$. Assume that the balloon maintains a constant radius as it rises. How high does it rise?
[Take $y_{0} = 8000 \; m$ and $\rho_{He} = 0.18 \; kg \, m^{-3}$]

State whether the following statements are True or False:
$(i)$ In incompressible flow,the density of a fluid changes with time and position.
$(ii)$ Non-viscous flow can be a streamline flow.
$(iii)$ In a steady flow,the velocity of the fluid at each point remains identical with time.

Given below are two statements:
Statement $I$: Pressure of fluid is exerted only on a solid surface in contact as the fluid-pressure does not exist everywhere in a still fluid.
Statement $II$: Excess potential energy of the molecules on the surface of a liquid, when compared to interior, results in surface tension.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

The vessel shown in the figure has two sections. The lower part is a rectangular vessel with area of cross-section $A$ and height $h$. The upper part is a conical vessel of height $h$ with base area $A$ and top area $a$,and the walls of the vessel are inclined at an angle $30^o$ with the vertical. $A$ liquid of density $\rho$ fills both the sections up to a height $2h$. Neglecting atmospheric pressure:

$A$ cylindrical tube,with its base as shown in the figure,is filled with water. It is moving down with a constant acceleration $a$ along a fixed inclined plane with angle $\theta=45^{\circ}$. $P_1$ and $P_2$ are pressures at points $1$ and $2$,respectively,located at the base of the tube. Let $\beta=(P_1-P_2) / (\rho g d)$,where $\rho$ is the density of water,$d$ is the inner diameter of the tube,and $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity. Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) correct?
$(A)$ $\beta=0$ when $a=g / \sqrt{2}$
$(B)$ $\beta>0$ when $a=g / \sqrt{2}$
$(C)$ $\beta=\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{2}}$ when $a=g / 2$
$(D)$ $\beta=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ when $a=g / 2$