The binding energy per nucleon for $_8O^{16}$ and $_8O^{17}$ are $7.97 \, MeV$ and $7.75 \, MeV$ respectively. The energy required to remove a neutron from $_8O^{17}$ is (in $MeV$):

The figure shows a plot of binding energy per nucleon $E_b$ against the nuclear mass $M$. $A, B, C, D, E, F$ correspond to different nuclei. Consider four reactions:
$(i) \, A + B \to C + \varepsilon$
$(ii) \, C \to A + B + \varepsilon$
$(iii) \, D + E \to F + \varepsilon$
$(iv) \, F \to D + E + \varepsilon$
where $\varepsilon$ is the energy released. In which reactions is $\varepsilon$ positive?

If the binding energy of deuterium is $2.23 \, MeV$, then its mass defect is ........ $amu$.

The mass of the oxygen isotope $_8O^{17}$ is $M_0$. If $M_p$ and $M_n$ are the masses of a proton and a neutron respectively,the nuclear binding energy of the isotope is ......

Derive the formula for the binding energy of a nucleus by explaining the mass defect of the nucleus and write the formula for the binding energy per nucleon.

The average binding energy per nucleon in the nucleus of an atom is approximately ........