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(A) The reactivity towards electrophilic substitution $(S_E)$ depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electrons (activ

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$IV > II > I > III$

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(A) The reactivity towards electrophilic substitution $(S_E)$ depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electrons (activating groups) increase reactivity,while groups that withdraw electrons (deactivating groups) decrease reactivity. $IV$. Toluene ($-CH_3$ group) is activating due to $+I$ and hyperconjugation effects. $II$. Benzene is the reference compound. $I$. Chlorobenzene ($-Cl$ group) is deactivating due to the strong $-I$ effect,although it is ortho/para directing. $III$. Anilinium chloride ($-NH_3^+Cl^-$ group) is strongly deactivating due to the powerful $-I$ effect of the positively charged nitrogen. Thus,the order of reactivity is: $IV$ (Toluene) $> II$ (Benzene) $> I$ (Chlorobenzene) $> III$ (Anilinium chloride).

Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order of their reactivity towards electrophilic substitution $(S_E)$ reaction: $I$. Chlorobenzene,$II$. Benzene,$III$. Anilinium chloride,$IV$. Toluene.

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