$A$ $1\,m$ long metal rod $XY$ completes the circuit as shown in the figure. The plane of the circuit is perpendicular to the magnetic field of flux density $0.15\,T$. If the resistance of the circuit is $5\,\Omega$,the force needed to move the rod in the direction indicated with a constant speed of $4\,m/s$ will be $................\,10^{-3}\,N$.

$A$ metal wire of length $2500 \ m$ is kept in east-west direction,at a certain height from the ground. If it falls freely on the ground,then the current induced in the wire when its speed is $10 \ m/s$ is (Resistance of wire $= 25 \ \Omega$,$g = 10 \ m/s^2$ and Earth's horizontal component of magnetic field $B_{H} = 2 \times 10^{-5} \ T$). (in $A$)

$A$ conducting wire $XY$ of mass $m$ and negligible resistance slides smoothly on two parallel conducting wires as shown in the figure. The closed circuit has a resistance $R$ due to $AC$. $AB$ and $CD$ are perfect conductors. There is a magnetic field $\vec{B} = B(t) \hat{k}$.
$(i)$ Write down the equation for the acceleration of the wire $XY$.
$(ii)$ If $\vec{B}$ is independent of time,obtain $v(t)$,assuming $v(0) = u_0$.
$(iii)$ For $(ii)$,show that the decrease in kinetic energy of $XY$ equals the heat lost in $R$.

Two long parallel horizontal rails,a distance $l$ apart,each having a resistance $\lambda$ per unit length,are joined at one end by a resistance $R$. $A$ perfectly conducting rod $MN$ of mass $m$ is free to slide along the rails without friction. There is a uniform magnetic field of induction $B$ normal to the plane of the paper and directed into the paper. $A$ variable force $F$ is applied to the rod $MN$ such that,as the rod moves,a constant current $i$ flows through the circuit. The applied force $F$ as a function of distance $x$ of the rod from $R$ is:

$A$ conducting ring of radius $a$ is rotated about a point $O$ on its periphery as shown in the figure in a plane perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field $B$ which exists everywhere. The rotational velocity is $\omega$. Choose the correct statement$(s)$ related to the potential of the points $P, Q$ and $R$.

$A$ coil of $N$ turns and mean cross-sectional area $A$ is rotating with uniform angular velocity $\omega$ about an axis at right angle to a uniform magnetic field $B$. The induced e.m.f. $E$ in the coil will be