$A$ ball of mass $2m$ is moving with velocity $v$ on a smooth surface and collides elastically head-on with another ball of mass $m$ which is at rest. If the ball of mass $m$ reaches up to the top of a frictionless elevated plane of height $h$,then the velocity $v$ of the heavy ball must be

$A$ student skates up a ramp that makes an angle $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. He/she starts (as shown in the figure) at the bottom of the ramp with speed $v_0$ and wants to turn around over a semicircular path $xyz$ of radius $R$ during which he/she reaches a maximum height $h$ (at point $y$) from the ground as shown in the figure. Assume that the energy loss is negligible and the force required for this turn at the highest point is provided by his/her weight only. Then ($g$ is the acceleration due to gravity):
$(A)$ $v_0^2 - 2gh = \frac{1}{2} gR$
$(B)$ $v_0^2 - 2gh = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} gR$
$(C)$ The centripetal force required at points $x$ and $z$ is zero.
$(D)$ The centripetal force required is maximum at points $x$ and $z$.

An object of mass $m$ is sliding down a hill of arbitrary shape and after traveling a certain horizontal path stops because of friction. The friction coefficient is different for different segments of the entire path but it is independent of the velocity and direction of motion. The work done that a force must perform to return the object to its initial position along the same path would be:

Which of the following graphs correctly represents the relationship between kinetic energy $(E)$,potential energy $(U)$,and height $(h)$ from the ground for a particle moving vertically?

$A$ particle of mass $m$ starts moving from the origin along the $x$-axis and its velocity varies with position $x$ as $v = k \sqrt{x}$. The work done by the force acting on it during the first $t$ seconds is ...........

$A$ block of mass $m$ moving with a velocity $v_0$ on a smooth horizontal surface strikes and compresses a spring of stiffness $k$ until the mass comes to rest,as shown in the figure. This phenomenon is observed by two observers:
$A$: standing on the horizontal surface
$B$: standing on the block
According to observer $B$,the potential energy of the spring increases: