Addition of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to carbony | vedclass

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Question

(A) The addition of $HCN$ to carbonyl compounds is a nucleophilic addition reaction.In this reaction,the cyanide ion $(CN^-)$ acts as the nucleophile.

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Accelerated by addition of base

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(A) The addition of $HCN$ to carbonyl compounds is a nucleophilic addition reaction.In this reaction,the cyanide ion $(CN^-)$ acts as the nucleophile.Since $HCN$ is a weak acid,it does not dissociate significantly to provide $CN^-$ ions.Adding a base (like $OH^-$) helps in the deprotonation of $HCN$ to generate a higher concentration of $CN^-$ ions $(HCN + OH^- \rightarrow CN^- + H_2O)$.Therefore,the presence of a base increases the rate of the reaction by increasing the concentration of the nucleophile.

Column $I$	Column $II$
$A$. $Ph-N_2Cl + Ph-OH \xrightarrow{NaOH/H_2O, 0^{\circ}C} Ph-N=N-Ph-OH$	$p$. Racemic mixture
$B$. $Pinacol \xrightarrow{H_2SO_4} Pinacolone$	$q$. Addition reaction
$C$. $Ph-CO-CH_3 \xrightarrow{1. LiAlH_4, 2. H_3O^+} Ph-CH(OH)-CH_3$	$r$. Substitution reaction
$D$. $4-chlorocyclohexanethiol \xrightarrow{Base} Thiacycloheptane$	$s$. Coupling reaction
	$t$. Carbocation intermediate

Addition of hydrogen cyanide $(HCN)$ to carbonyl compounds is:

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