An air bubble of volume $V_0$ is released by a fish at a depth $h$ in a lake. The bubble rises to the surface. Assume constant temperature and standard atmospheric pressure $P$ above the lake. The volume of the bubble just before touching the surface will be (density of water is $\rho$):

$A$ vessel containing water is moving with a constant speed towards the right along a straight horizontal path. Which of the following diagrams represents the surface of the liquid?

Fill in the blanks using the word$(s)$ from the list appended with each statement:
$(a)$ Surface tension of liquids generally . . . with temperatures (increases / decreases)
$(b)$ Viscosity of gases . . . with temperature,whereas viscosity of liquids . . . with temperature (increases / decreases)
$(c)$ For solids with elastic modulus of rigidity,the shearing force is proportional to . . .,while for fluids it is proportional to . . . (shear strain / rate of shear strain)
$(d)$ For a fluid in a steady flow,the increase in flow speed at a constriction follows (conservation of mass / Bernoulli's principle)
$(e)$ For the model of a plane in a wind tunnel,turbulence occurs at a . . . speed for turbulence for an actual plane (greater / smaller)

An incompressible liquid is kept in a container having a weightless piston with a hole. $A$ capillary tube of inner radius $0.1 \,mm$ is dipped vertically into the liquid through the airtight piston hole,as shown in the figure. The air in the container is isothermally compressed from its original volume $V_0$ to $\frac{100}{101} V_0$ with the movable piston. Considering air as an ideal gas,the height $(h)$ of the liquid column in the capillary above the liquid level in $cm$ is. . . . . . .
[Given: Surface tension of the liquid is $0.075 \,N \,m^{-1}$,atmospheric pressure is $10^5 \,N \,m^{-2}$,acceleration due to gravity $(g)$ is $10 \,m \,s^{-2}$,density of the liquid is $10^3 \,kg \,m^{-3}$ and contact angle of capillary surface with the liquid is zero]

Explain why:
$(a)$ To keep a piece of paper horizontal,you should blow over,not under,it.
$(b)$ When we try to close a water tap with our fingers,fast jets of water gush through the openings between our fingers.
$(c)$ The size of the needle of a syringe controls flow rate better than the thumb pressure exerted by a doctor while administering an injection.
$(d)$ $A$ fluid flowing out of a small hole in a vessel results in a backward thrust on the vessel.

The vessel shown in the figure has two sections. The lower part is a rectangular vessel with area of cross-section $A$ and height $h$. The upper part is a conical vessel of height $h$ with base area $A$ and top area $a$,and the walls of the vessel are inclined at an angle $30^o$ with the vertical. $A$ liquid of density $\rho$ fills both the sections up to a height $2h$. Neglecting atmospheric pressure: