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Question

(D) In a uniform electric field $E$,the potential energy $U$ of an electric dipole with dipole moment $p$ is given by the formula $U = -p \cdot E = -p

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$-pE \cos 	heta$

Vedclass · Answer

(D) In a uniform electric field $E$,the potential energy $U$ of an electric dipole with dipole moment $p$ is given by the formula $U = -p \cdot E = -pE \cos 	heta$,where $	heta$ is the angle between the dipole moment vector $p$ and the electric field vector $E$.Initially,the dipole is in stable equilibrium,which means the angle between $p$ and $E$ is $0^\circ$.When the dipole is rotated through an angle $	heta$ from this initial position,the new angle between the dipole moment and the electric field becomes $	heta$.Therefore,the potential energy of the electric dipole in the final position is $U = -pE \cos 	heta$.

An electric dipole of moment $p$ is placed in the position of stable equilibrium in a uniform electric field of intensity $E$. It is rotated through an angle $\theta$ from the initial position. The potential energy of the electric dipole in the final position is

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