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(A) The reactivity of carbonyl compounds towards nucleophilic addition reaction $(NAR)$ is governed by two main factors:$1.$ Electronic effect: The el

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$I > II > III > IV$

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(A) The reactivity of carbonyl compounds towards nucleophilic addition reaction $(NAR)$ is governed by two main factors:$1.$ Electronic effect: The electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon. Electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ decrease reactivity by reducing the positive charge on the carbonyl carbon,while electron-withdrawing groups increase it.$2.$ Steric effect: The bulkiness of the groups attached to the carbonyl carbon. Increased steric hindrance makes it difficult for the nucleophile to attack,thus decreasing reactivity.Comparing the given compounds:$I: HCHO$ (Formaldehyde) - No $EDG$,least steric hindrance.$II: CH_3CHO$ (Acetaldehyde) - One $CH_3$ group (weak $EDG$,some steric hindrance).$III: CH_3COCH_3$ (Acetone) - Two $CH_3$ groups (more $EDG$,more steric hindrance).$IV: PhCOCH_3$ (Acetophenone) - One $Ph$ group and one $CH_3$ group. The phenyl group is a stronger $EDG$ (via resonance) and is bulkier than $CH_3$,significantly reducing the electrophilicity and increasing steric hindrance.Therefore,the order of reactivity is $I > II > III > IV$.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$A$. Tollen's reagent	$I$. Para-rosaniline + $SO_2$
$B$. Schiff's reagent	$II$. Rochelle salt + $aq. NaOH$
$C$. Rosenmund reduction	$III$. Ammoniacal silver nitrate
$D$. Fehling solution $B$	$IV$. $Pd + BaSO_4$

Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order of reactivity towards nucleophilic addition reaction:
$I: HCHO$
$II: CH_3CHO$
$III: CH_3COCH_3$
$IV: PhCOCH_3$

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Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order of reactivity towards nucleophilic addition reaction:$I: HCHO$$II: CH_3CHO$$III: CH_3COCH_3$$IV: PhCOCH_3$