Benzene on nitration gives nitrobenzene in th | vedclass

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(C) In the nitration of benzene,the mixture of concentrated $H_2SO_4$ and $HNO_3$ is used.$H_2SO_4$ is a stronger acid than $HNO_3$,so it donates a pr

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$HNO_3$ acts as a base and $H_2SO_4$ acts as an acid

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(C) In the nitration of benzene,the mixture of concentrated $H_2SO_4$ and $HNO_3$ is used.$H_2SO_4$ is a stronger acid than $HNO_3$,so it donates a proton $(H^+)$ to $HNO_3$.$H_2SO_4 + HNO_3 \rightleftharpoons HSO_4^- + H_2NO_3^+$Here,$H_2SO_4$ acts as an acid (proton donor) and $HNO_3$ acts as a base (proton acceptor).The $H_2NO_3^+$ species then loses a water molecule to form the electrophile,the nitronium ion $(NO_2^+)$:$H_2NO_3^+ \rightleftharpoons H_2O + NO_2^+$

Benzene on nitration gives nitrobenzene in the presence of a mixture of $HNO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$,where:

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