Explain why cations are smaller and anions larger in radii than their parent atoms?

(N/A) cation has fewer electrons than its parent atom,while its nuclear charge remains the same. As a result,the attraction of electrons to the nucleus is stronger in a cation than in its parent atom,leading to a smaller size.
On the other hand,an anion has more electrons than its parent atom,resulting in increased electron-electron repulsion and a decrease in the effective nuclear charge. As a result,the distance between the valence electrons and the nucleus increases,making the anion larger in radius than its parent atom.