Half-life is measured by

The half-life of a radioactive isotope $x$ is $50$ years. It decays to another element $y$ which is stable. The two elements $x$ and $y$ were found to be in the ratio of $1 : 7$ in a sample of a given rock. The age of the rock was estimated to be ........... $years$.

$A$ radioactive element emits $200$ particles per second. After $3$ hours,$25$ particles per second are emitted. The half-life period of the element will be .......... $minutes$.

In a radioactive decay process,the activity is defined as $A = -\frac{dN}{dt}$,where $N(t)$ is the number of radioactive nuclei at time $t$. Two radioactive sources,$S_1$ and $S_2$,have the same activity at time $t = 0$. At a later time,the activities of $S_1$ and $S_2$ are $A_1$ and $A_2$,respectively. When $S_1$ and $S_2$ have just completed their $3^{\text{rd}}$ and $7^{\text{th}}$ half-lives,respectively,the ratio $A_1/A_2$ is:

$A$ radioactive nucleus $A$ with a half-life $T$ decays into a nucleus $B$. At $t = 0$,there is no nucleus $B$. At some time $t$,the ratio of the number of $B$ to that of $A$ is $0.3$. Then,$t$ is given by

The radioactive materials $x_1$ and $x_2$ have decay constants $10 \lambda$ and $\lambda$ respectively. If initially they have the same number of nuclei,then the ratio of the number of nuclei of $x_1$ to that of $x_2$ will be $1/e$ after a time $t$ equal to: