In a population,the frequency of the $M$ allele is $0.8$. Calculate the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype in that population. (in $\%$)

$A$ gene locus has two alleles $A$ and $a$. If the frequency of the dominant allele $A$ is $0.4$,then what will be the frequency of homozygous dominant,heterozygous,and homozygous recessive individuals in the population?

In a population exhibiting random mating,the frequency of a disease-causing recessive allele is $80\%$. What will be the frequency of carrier individuals in the population (in $\%$)?

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation $p^{2} + 2pq + q^{2} = 1$,which term represents the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype?

According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle,allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. It makes several assumptions which are given below:
$i.$ Random Mating
$ii.$ Sexual Reproduction
$iii.$ Non-overlapping Generations
$iv.$ Occurrence of Natural Selection
$v.$ Small size of population
Identify two assumptions which do not meet the criteria for a population to reach Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.

Which of the following does not affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?