In angiosperms,synthesis of chlorophyll occurs in the presence of

$PS-I$ in cyclic photophosphorylation is involved in the formation of ...$A$... by ...$B$... movement of electrons. What do $A$ and $B$ refer to here?

The process of $ATP$ synthesis during photosynthesis is known as:

$ATP$ synthesis in chloroplasts and mitochondria is due to a proton gradient across the membrane. Select the correct statements with respect to $ATP$ formation in chloroplasts:
$(a)$ Protons accumulate in the lumen of the thylakoid.
$(b)$ Splitting of water occurs on the inner side of the membrane.
$(c)$ Protons accumulate on the stroma side of the chloroplast.
$(d)$ $NADP$ reductase is located on the stroma side of the membrane.

Photophosphorylation is a process in which

In light reaction,plastoquinone facilitates the transfer of electrons from