In the formation of a primary rainbow,the sunlight rays emerge at minimum deviation from a raindrop after:

When light is refracted from a surface, which of its following physical parameters does not change?

In the figure shown,the angle made by the light ray with the normal in the medium of refractive index $\sqrt{2}$ is.....$^o$

Light enters from air into a given medium at an angle of $45^{\circ}$ with the interface of the air-medium surface. After refraction,the light ray is deviated through an angle of $15^{\circ}$ from its original direction. The refractive index of the medium is

Most materials have a refractive index,$n > 1$. So,when a light ray from air enters a naturally occurring material,then by Snell's law,$\frac{\sin \theta_1}{\sin \theta_2} = \frac{n_2}{n_1}$,it is understood that the refracted ray bends towards the normal. But it never emerges on the same side of the normal as the incident ray. According to electromagnetism,the refractive index of the medium is given by the relation,$n = \left(\frac{c}{v}\right) = \pm \sqrt{\varepsilon_r \mu_r}$. Where $\varepsilon_r$ and $\mu_r$ are negative,one must choose the negative root of $n$. Such negative refractive index materials can now be artificially prepared and are called meta-materials. They exhibit significantly different optical behavior,without violating any physical laws. Since $n$ is negative,it results in a change in the direction of propagation of the refracted light. However,similar to normal materials,the frequency of light remains unchanged upon refraction even in meta-materials.
$1.$ Choose the correct statement.
$(A)$ The speed of light in the meta-material is $v = c|n|$.
$(B)$ The speed of light in the meta-material is $v = \frac{c}{|n|}$.
$(C)$ The speed of light in the meta-material is $v = c$.
$(D)$ The wavelength of the light in the meta-material $(\lambda_m)$ is given by $\lambda_m = \frac{\lambda_{\text{air}}}{|n|}$,where $\lambda_{\text{air}}$ is the wavelength of the light in air.
$2.$ For light incident from air on a meta-material,the appropriate ray diagram is:

There is a small air bubble at the centre of a solid glass sphere of radius $r$ and refractive index $\mu$. What will be the apparent distance of the bubble from the centre of the sphere, when viewed from outside?