Nitration of toluene takes place at

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(D) The $-CH_3$ group in toluene is an electron-donating group due to the inductive effect and hyperconjugation. It activates the benzene ring towards

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Both $o-$ and $p-$positions

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(D) The $-CH_3$ group in toluene is an electron-donating group due to the inductive effect and hyperconjugation. It activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution reactions and is ortho-para directing. Therefore,nitration of toluene with concentrated $HNO_3$ and concentrated $H_2SO_4$ yields a mixture of $o-$nitrotoluene and $p-$nitrotoluene. The reaction is: $2C_6H_5CH_3 + 2HNO_3 \xrightarrow{Conc. H_2SO_4} C_6H_4(CH_3)(NO_2) (o-) + C_6H_4(CH_3)(NO_2) (p-) + 2H_2O$.

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