Planck's constant $(h)$,speed of light in vacuum $(c)$,and Newton's gravitational constant $(G)$ are three fundamental constants. Which of the following combinations of these has the dimension of length?

  • A
    $\sqrt{\frac{hc}{G}}$
  • B
    $\sqrt{\frac{Gc}{h^{3/2}}}$
  • C
    $\frac{\sqrt{hG}}{c^{3/2}}$
  • D
    $\frac{\sqrt{hG}}{c^{5/2}}$

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$A$ dense collection of equal number of electrons and positive ions is called neutral plasma. Certain solids containing fixed positive ions surrounded by free electrons can be treated as neutral plasma. Let $N$ be the number density of free electrons, each of mass $m$. When the electrons are subjected to an electric field, they are displaced relatively away from the heavy positive ions. If the electric field becomes zero, the electrons begin to oscillate about the positive ions with a natural angular frequency $\omega_p$, which is called the plasma frequency. To sustain the oscillations, a time-varying electric field needs to be applied that has an angular frequency $\omega$, where a part of the energy is absorbed and a part of it is reflected. As $\omega$ approaches $\omega_p$, all the free electrons are set to resonance together and all the energy is reflected. This is the explanation of high reflectivity of metals.
$1.$ Taking the electronic charge as $e$ and the permittivity as $\varepsilon_0$, use dimensional analysis to determine the correct expression for $\omega_p$.
$(A) \sqrt{\frac{N e}{m \varepsilon_0}}$ $(B) \sqrt{\frac{m \varepsilon_0}{N e}}$ $(C) \sqrt{\frac{N e^2}{m \varepsilon_0}}$ $(D) \sqrt{\frac{m \varepsilon_0}{N e^2}}$
$2.$ Estimate the wavelength at which plasma reflection will occur for a metal having the density of electrons $N \approx 4 \times 10^{27} \ m^{-3}$. Take $\varepsilon_0 \approx 10^{-11}$ and $m \approx 10^{-30}$, where these quantities are in proper $SI$ units.
$(A) 800 \ nm$ $(B) 600 \ nm$ $(C) 300 \ nm$ $(D) 200 \ nm$
Give the answer for question $1$ and $2$.

The foundations of dimensional analysis were laid down by

If $C$ is the velocity of light,$h$ is Planck's constant,and $G$ is the gravitational constant,and these are taken as fundamental quantities,then the dimensional formula of mass is:

If $z = xP + G$,where $P$ is pressure and $G$ is the universal gravitational constant; then the dimensional formulas for $x$ and $z$ respectively are (here,$G = \frac{Fr^2}{m_1 m_2}$,$P = \frac{\text{Thrust}}{\text{Area}}$).

$A$ physical quantity $x$ depends on quantities $y$ and $z$ as follows: $x = Ay + B \tan(Cz)$,where $A, B,$ and $C$ are constants. Which of the following do not have the same dimensions?

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