Rate of flow of heat through a cylindrical rod is $H_1$. The temperatures at the ends of the rod are $T_1$ and $T_2$. If all the dimensions of the rod become double and the temperature difference remains the same, and if the rate of flow of heat becomes $H_2$, then $H_2 =$

The figure shows a system of two concentric spheres of radii $r_1$ and $r_2$ kept at temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$,respectively. The radial rate of flow of heat in a substance between the two concentric spheres is proportional to

Two rods with thermal conductivities $K$ and $3K$ and equal cross-sectional areas are joined as shown in the figure. Their lengths are $1 \ cm$ and $2 \ cm$,respectively. If the temperatures of the two ends of this composite rod are $0^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$ (see figure),then the temperature $\phi$ of their interface is:

$A$ slab consists of two parallel layers of copper and brass of the same thickness and having thermal conductivities in the ratio $1 : 4$. If the free face of brass is at $100^\circ C$ and that of copper at $0^\circ C$,the temperature of the interface is ........ $^\circ C$.

One end of a thermally insulated rod is kept at a temperature $T_1$ and the other at $T_2$. The rod is composed of two sections of length $l_1$ and $l_2$ and thermal conductivities $K_1$ and $K_2$ respectively. The temperature at the interface of the two sections is

Same quantity of ice is filled in each of the two metal containers $P$ and $Q$ having the same size, shape, and wall thickness but made of different materials. The containers are kept in identical surroundings. The ice in $P$ melts completely in time $t_{1}$ whereas in $Q$ it takes a time $t_{2}$. The ratio of thermal conductivities of the materials of $P$ and $Q$ is