State Henry's law and mention some important applications.

(N/A) The effect of pressure on the solubility of a gas in a liquid is governed by Henry's Law. It states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid at a given temperature is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas present above the surface of the solution or solvent. Mathematically,$P = K_H X$,where $P$ is the partial pressure of the gas,$X$ is the mole fraction of the gas in the solution,and $K_H$ is Henry's Law constant.
Applications of Henry's law:
$(i)$ In the production of carbonated beverages,$CO_2$ is dissolved under high pressure to increase its solubility.
$(ii)$ In deep-sea diving,tanks are filled with air diluted with helium to avoid the toxic effects of high concentrations of nitrogen at high pressures.
$(iii)$ For climbers or people living at high altitudes,the low partial pressure of $O_2$ leads to low concentrations of $O_2$ in the blood and tissues,causing a condition known as anoxia.