State the chemical property in each of the following cases,on which the following uses of baking soda are based:
$(a)$ Applied on an ant stung area.
$(b)$ As a constituent of baking powder.
$(c)$ In soda-acid fire extinguisher.

(N/A) Baking soda is basic in nature,so it neutralizes the acidic effect of the formic acid injected by an ant sting.
$(b)$ Baking soda $(NaHCO_{3})$ reacts with tartaric acid present in baking powder upon heating or mixing with water to release $CO_{2}$ gas. This $CO_{2}$ gas gets trapped in the dough,making the bread or cake soft and spongy.
$(c)$ Baking soda reacts with an acid (like $H_{2}SO_{4}$) to produce a large volume of $CO_{2}$ gas,which cuts off the oxygen supply and extinguishes the fire.