The area (in square units) of the region enclosed by the two circles $x^2+y^2=1$ and $(x-1)^2+y^2=1$ is

A positive ion $A$ and a negative ion $B$ has charges $6.67 \times 10^{-19}\ {C}$ and $9.6 \times 10^{-10}\ {C}$, and masses $19.2 \times 10^{-27}\ {kg}$ and $9 \times 10^{-27}\ {kg}$ respectively. At an instant, the ions are separated by a certain distance $r$. At that instant the ratio of the magnitudes of electrostatic force to gravitational force is ${P} \times 10^{-13}$, where the value of $P$ is _________ .
(Take $\frac{1}{4 \pi \varepsilon_0}=9 \times 10^9\ {Nm}^2 {C}^{-1}$ and universal gravitational constant as $6.67 \times 10^{-11}\ {Nm}^2 {kg}^{-2}$)

If $z = \frac{y}{x} \left[ \sin \frac{x}{y} + \cos \left( 1 + \frac{y}{x} \right) \right]$,then $x \frac{\partial z}{\partial x}$ is equal to

An ideal gas expands isothermally from a volume $V_1$ to $V_2$ and is then compressed to the original volume $V_1$ adiabatically. The initial pressure is $P_1$ and the final pressure is $P_3$. The total work done is $W$. Then:

If $A$ is a square matrix such that $A(\operatorname{adj} A) = \begin{bmatrix} 4 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 4 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 4 \end{bmatrix}$,then $\operatorname{det}(\operatorname{adj} A)$ is equal to

In the circuit shown in the figure,the reading of the voltmeter is $V_1$ when only $S_1$ is closed,the reading of the voltmeter is $V_2$ when only $S_2$ is closed,and the reading of the voltmeter is $V_3$ when both $S_1$ and $S_2$ are closed. Then: