The binding energy of a nucleus is equivalent to

Explain the following forms and principles of energy:
$(a)$ The Equivalence of Mass and Energy
$(b)$ Nuclear Energy
$(c)$ The Principle of Conservation of Energy

State Einstein's special theory of relativity and provide the mass-energy equivalence formula.

In the nuclear process $n \to p + e^- + \bar{\nu}$,if the masses of proton,neutron,and electron are $1.6725 \times 10^{-27} \ kg$,$1.6747 \times 10^{-27} \ kg$,and $9 \times 10^{-31} \ kg$ respectively,then the energy released is ...... $MeV$.

The mass of a nucleus $_Z^AX$ is denoted by $M(A, Z)$. If $M_p$ and $M_n$ are the masses of a proton and a neutron respectively, the binding energy of this nucleus is given by:

The binding energy per nucleon of ${O^{16}}$ is $7.97 \,MeV$ and that of ${O^{17}}$ is $7.75 \,MeV$. The energy (in $MeV$) required to remove a neutron from ${O^{17}}$ is