The charring of sugar takes place when treated with concentrated $H_2SO_4$. What is the type of reaction involved in it?

The reason for the exceptionally high boiling point of water is -

Given below are two statements:
Statement-$I$: Permutit process is more efficient compared to the synthetic resin method for the softening of water.
Statement-$II$: Synthetic resin method results in the formation of soluble sodium salts.
In the light of the above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

What is meant by 'demineralised' water and how can it be obtained?

Clark's method is used to

Lime or $CaCl_2$ is added to water to remove which of the following impurities?