The compound $X$ in the reaction is

The rate of electrophilic substitution reaction in phenol is:

The conversion of $O$-acylated phenol in the presence of $AlCl_3$ to $C$-acylated phenol is an example of which type of organic reaction?

One mole of phenol is treated with dilute $HNO_3$ at $298 \ K$ to give a mixture of products. The mixture is separated by steam distillation. The steam volatile compound $(X)$ is separated. The increase in percentage of oxygen in $(X)$ with respect to phenol is . . . . . . $\times 10^{-1}$ %. (Given molar mass in $g \ mol^{-1}$: $H:1, C:12, N:14, O:16$)

Phenol $(C_6H_6O)$ $\xrightarrow{Br_2 \text{ in } CS_2}$ $X$ (Major product)
Phenol $(C_6H_6O)$ $\xrightarrow{Br_2 \text{ in } H_2O}$ $Y$ (Major product)
What are $X$ and $Y$ in the above reaction respectively?

Assertion $(A)$: Chlorobenzene is not formed in the reaction of phenol with thionyl chloride.
Reason $(R)$: In phenol,the carbon-oxygen bond has partial double bond character.
The correct answer is