The length of a seconds pendulum at a height $h=2R$ from the earth's surface will be. (Given: $R =$ radius of earth and acceleration due to gravity at the surface of earth $g = \pi^{2} \ m/s^{2}$)

Given below are two statements:
Statement $I$: Acceleration due to earth's gravity decreases as you go 'up' or 'down' from earth's surface.
Statement $II$: Acceleration due to earth's gravity is same at a height '$h$' and depth '$d$' from earth's surface, if $h = d$.
In the light of above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

The diameters of two planets are in the ratio $4:1$. Their mean densities have the ratio $1:2$. The ratio of gravitational acceleration on the surface of the planets will be:

If the change in the value of $g$ at a height $h$ above the surface of the earth is the same as at a depth $x$ below it,then (both $x$ and $h$ being much smaller than the radius of the earth)

At what distance above and below the surface of the earth will a body have the same weight? (Take the radius of the earth as $R$.)

Imagine a new planet having the same density as that of the earth, but it is two times bigger than the earth in size (radius). If the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the new planet is $g'$ and that on the surface of the earth is $g$, then: