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(A) The effective capacitance is minimum when all capacitors are connected in series.For capacitors connected in series,the equivalent capacitance $C_

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$4/7 \ pF$

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(A) The effective capacitance is minimum when all capacitors are connected in series.For capacitors connected in series,the equivalent capacitance $C_{eff}$ is given by the formula:$\frac{1}{C_{eff}} = \frac{1}{C_1} + \frac{1}{C_2} + \frac{1}{C_3}$Given $C_1 = 1 \ pF$,$C_2 = 2 \ pF$,and $C_3 = 4 \ pF$.Substituting the values:$\frac{1}{C_{eff}} = \frac{1}{1} + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4}$$\frac{1}{C_{eff}} = \frac{4 + 2 + 1}{4} = \frac{7}{4} \ pF^{-1}$Therefore,$C_{eff} = \frac{4}{7} \ pF$.

The minimum value of effective capacitance that can be obtained by combining $3$ capacitors of capacitances $1 \ pF, 2 \ pF$ and $4 \ pF$ is

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