The reading of a pressure meter attached to a closed pipe is $4.5 \times 10^4 \ N/m^2$. On opening the valve,water starts flowing and the reading of the pressure meter falls to $2.0 \times 10^4 \ N/m^2$. The velocity of water is found to be $\sqrt{V} \ m/s$. The value of $V$ is . . . . . .

The Pitot tube shown in the figure is used to measure fluid flow velocity in a pipe of cross-sectional area $S$. It was invented by a French engineer Henri Pitot in the early $18^{th}$ century. The volume of the gas flowing across the section of the pipe per unit time is (The difference in the liquid columns is $\Delta h$,$\rho_0$ and $\rho$ are the densities of liquid and the gas respectively):

Pressure head in Bernoulli's equation is

An ideal fluid of density $800 \; kg \cdot m^{-3}$ flows smoothly through a bent pipe (as shown in the figure) that tapers in cross-sectional area from $a$ to $\frac{a}{2}$. The pressure difference between the wide and narrow sections of the pipe is $4100 \; Pa$. At the wider section,the velocity of the fluid is $\frac{\sqrt{x}}{6} \; m \cdot s^{-1}$. Find the value of $x$. (Given $g = 10 \; m \cdot s^{-2}$)

Which of the following is not an assumption for an ideal fluid flow for which Bernoulli's principle is valid?

$A$ plane is in level flight at constant speed and each of its two wings has an area of $40 \,m^2$. If the speed of the air is $180 \,km/h$ over the lower wing surface and $252 \,km/h$ over the upper wing surface,the mass of the plane is . . . . . . $kg$. (Take air density to be $1 \,kg \,m^{-3}$ and $g=10 \,ms^{-2}$)