The reason for the shining of an air bubble in water is

$A$ ray of light is incident on the hypotenuse of a right-angled prism after travelling parallel to the base inside the prism. If $\mu$ is the refractive index of the material of the prism, the maximum value of the base angle for which light is totally reflected from the hypotenuse is

$A$ point source of light $S$ is placed at the bottom of a vessel containing a liquid of refractive index $\mu = 5/3$. $A$ person is viewing the source from above the surface. There is an opaque disc $D$ of radius $r = 1\, cm$ floating on the surface of the liquid. The centre of the disc lies vertically above the source $S$. The liquid from the vessel is gradually drained out through a tap. The maximum height $h$ of the liquid for which the source cannot be seen at all from above is: (in $, cm$)

The phenomenon involved in the reflection of radio waves by the ionosphere is similar to:

At the interface between two materials having refractive indices $n_1$ and $n_2$,the critical angle for reflection of an electromagnetic wave is $\theta_{1C}$. The $n_2$ material is replaced by another material having refractive index $n_3$,such that the critical angle at the interface between $n_1$ and $n_3$ materials is $\theta_{2C}$. If $n_3 > n_2 > n_1$,$\frac{n_2}{n_3} = \frac{2}{5}$,and $\sin \theta_{2C} - \sin \theta_{1C} = \frac{1}{2}$,then $\theta_{1C}$ is:

With respect to air,the critical angle in a medium for light of red colour $[{\lambda _1}]$ is $\theta$. Other factors remaining the same,the critical angle for light of yellow colour $[{\lambda _2}]$ will be: