The two versions of a trait (character) which are brought in by the male and female gametes are situated on

The maleness of a child is determined by

In dogs, the barking trait is dominant over the silent trait and erect ears are dominant over drooping ears. Now, find out
$(i)$ What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring when dogs, heterozygous for both the traits are crossed?
$(ii)$ What are different phenotypes observed?
$(iii)$ What is this type of cross known as?

When a sperm carrying an $X$ chromosome fertilizes an ovum,what will be the sex of the embryo that develops from the zygote?

An organ like a wing in birds is an advantage to an organism. Did they appear in different stages or were they formed due to a single sudden change?

$A$ basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish, and tomato. Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?