Class 12Chemistry8-2.Carboxylic acids and Their derivativeGeneral Introduction of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives
MediumWhat is a carbonyl group? Provide the different homologous series of carbonyl compounds.
(N/A) Organic compounds containing a carbon-oxygen double bond $(C=O)$ are called carbonyl compounds. The carbon atom of the carbonyl group is $sp^2$ hybridized and forms three sigma bonds. The homologous series of carbonyl compounds are as follows:
| Name of homologous series | Common formula | Functional group |
|---|---|---|
| $(i)$ Aldehydes | $R-CHO$ | $-CHO$ |
| $(ii)$ Ketones | $R-CO-R'$ | $>C=O$ |
| $(iii)$ Carboxylic acids | $R-COOH$ | $-COOH$ |
| $(iv)$ Esters | $R-COOR'$ | $-COOR'$ |
| $(v)$ Acid halides | $R-COX$ | $-COX$ |
| $(vi)$ Amides | $R-CONH_2$ | $-CONH_2$ |
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$(iii)$ $CH_3-CH=CH-CHO$
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$(i)$ $CH_3-CH(CH_3)-CH_2-CH_2-CHO$
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$(iv)$ $CH_3-CO-CH_2-CO-CH_3$
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