What is the lateral shift of a ray refracted through a parallel-sided glass slab of thickness $h$ in terms of the angle of incidence $i$ and angle of refraction $r$,if the glass slab is placed in air medium?

Three immiscible transparent liquids with refractive indices $3/2, 4/3$ and $6/5$ are arranged one above the other in a container. The depths of the liquids are $3 \text{ cm}, 4 \text{ cm}$ and $6 \text{ cm}$ respectively. The apparent depth of the vessel is (in $\text{ cm}$)

How much water should be filled in a container $21 \ cm$ in height,so that it appears half-filled when viewed from the top of the container? (Given that refractive index of water $\mu = 4/3$)

$A$ glass slab is placed over letters of different colors. Which color letter will appear to be raised the least?

When a convex lens is placed above an empty tank, the image of a mark at the bottom of the tank, which is $45 \ cm$ from the lens, is formed $36 \ cm$ above the lens. When a liquid is poured in the tank to a depth of $40 \ cm$, the distance of the image of the mark above the lens is $48 \ cm$. The refractive index of the liquid is

$A$ beaker containing liquid is placed on a table,underneath a microscope which can be moved along a vertical scale. The microscope is focused,through the liquid,onto a mark on the table when the reading on the scale is $a$. It is next focused on the upper surface of the liquid and the reading is $b$. More liquid is added and the observations are repeated,the corresponding readings are $c$ and $d$. The refractive index of the liquid is