When white light is incident on a yellow pigment,which colors of light are reflected?

Abnormalities in the normal vision of the eye are called defects of vision.

Which part of the eye is responsible for changing the focal length of the eye lens by adjusting its thickness?

Account for the following:
$(a)$ Part of the human eye that helps in changing the focal length of the eye lens.
$(b)$ The condition resulting due to the eye lens becoming cloudy.
$(c)$ The factors on which the colour of the scattered white light depends.
$(d)$ The range of vision of a normal eye.
$(e)$ The sky appears dark to the astronauts in space.

Light coming from the sun is white light and contains seven colours.

What is near-sightedness?