Which form of heat was believed in before the modern time?

$A$ steel pendulum clock manufactured at $32^{\circ} C$ and working at $47^{\circ} C$ is nearly (Coefficient of linear expansion of steel $= 12 \times 10^{-6} /{ }^{\circ} C$)

For a copper-iron $(Cu-Fe)$ couple,the thermo $e.m.f.$ (temperature of cold junction $= 0\,^{\circ}C$) is given by $E = (14\theta - 0.02\theta^2)\,\mu V$. The neutral temperature will be

$A$ closed bottle containing water at $30^{\circ}C$ is carried to the moon in a spaceship. If it is placed on the surface of the moon,what will happen to the water as soon as the lid is opened?

Two different liquids of same mass are kept in two identical vessels,which are placed in a freezer that extracts heat from them at the same rate,causing each liquid to transform into a solid. The schematic figure below shows the temperature $T$ versus time $t$ plot for the two materials. We denote the specific heat of materials in the liquid (solid) states to be $C_{L1}$ $(C_{S1})$ and $C_{L2}$ $(C_{S2})$,respectively. Choose the correct option given below.

Heat is being supplied at a constant rate to a sphere of ice which is melting at the rate of $0.1 \, g/s$. It melts completely in $100 \, s$. The rate of rise of temperature thereafter will be ........ $^\circ C/s$ (Assume no loss of heat.)