Which one is most reactive towards nucleophil | vedclass

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Question

(D) The reactivity of carbonyl compounds towards nucleophilic addition reactions is primarily governed by the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon.

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$p$-Nitrobenzaldehyde

Vedclass · Answer

(D) The reactivity of carbonyl compounds towards nucleophilic addition reactions is primarily governed by the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon.$1$. Electron-withdrawing groups ($-I, -M$ effects) increase the positive charge on the carbonyl carbon,thereby increasing its reactivity towards nucleophilic attack.$2$. Electron-donating groups ($+I, +M$ effects) decrease the positive charge on the carbonyl carbon,thereby decreasing its reactivity.$3$. Steric hindrance also plays a role; aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones due to less steric hindrance.Comparing the given compounds:- $p$-Nitrobenzaldehyde has a strong electron-withdrawing $-NO_2$ group ($-I, -M$ effect),which significantly increases the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon.- Benzaldehyde has no substituent.- $p$-Methylbenzaldehyde has an electron-donating $-CH_3$ group ($+I$ effect).- Acetophenone is a ketone and has an electron-donating $-CH_3$ group attached to the carbonyl carbon,making it the least reactive.Thus,the order of reactivity is: $p$-Nitrobenzaldehyde > Benzaldehyde > $p$-Methylbenzaldehyde > Acetophenone.Therefore,$p$-Nitrobenzaldehyde is the most reactive.

Which one is most reactive towards nucleophilic addition reaction?

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