Which one of the following is most reactive t | vedclass

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(A) Electrophilic aromatic substitution is favored by electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ on the benzene ring,which increase the electron density of the

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Phenol $(C_6H_5OH)$

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(A) Electrophilic aromatic substitution is favored by electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ on the benzene ring,which increase the electron density of the ring.$1$. Phenol ($-OH$ group): The $-OH$ group is a strong electron-donating group due to its $+M$ (mesomeric) effect,which significantly increases the electron density on the benzene ring,making it highly reactive towards electrophilic attack.$2$. Chlorobenzene ($-Cl$ group): The $-Cl$ group is electron-withdrawing due to its $-I$ effect,although it donates electrons via the $+M$ effect. Overall,it deactivates the ring compared to benzene.$3$. Benzyl alcohol ($-CH_2OH$ group): The $-CH_2OH$ group is weakly electron-donating due to the inductive effect,but it is much less effective than the $-OH$ group directly attached to the ring.$4$. Nitrobenzene ($-NO_2$ group): The $-NO_2$ group is a strong electron-withdrawing group ($-I$ and $-M$ effects),which significantly decreases the electron density on the ring,making it the least reactive towards electrophilic attack.Therefore,phenol is the most reactive towards electrophilic attack.

Which one of the following is most reactive towards electrophilic attack?

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