Who was the first scientist to perform a series of experiments to study acquired and inherited traits?

Two pea plants,one with round green seeds $(RRyy)$ and another with wrinkled yellow $(rrYY)$ seeds,produce $F_1$ progeny that have round,yellow $(RrYy)$ seeds. When $F_1$ plants are selfed,the $F_2$ progeny will have new combinations of characters. Choose the new combinations from the following:
$(i)$ Round,yellow
$(ii)$ Round,green
$(iii)$ Wrinkled,yellow
$(iv)$ Wrinkled,green

In which organisms is a higher degree of variation observed?

If a round,green seeded pea plant $(RRyy)$ is crossed with a wrinkled,yellow seeded pea plant $(rrYY)$,the seeds produced in the $F_1$ generation are

Explain analogous organs and homologous organs. Identify the analogous and homologous organs amongst the following:
Wings of an insect,wings of a bat,forelimbs of frog,forelimbs of a human.

Who are the carriers of genes?