Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin and its corresponding deficiency disease?

$A$: Water is an efficient solvent.
$R$: Polar nature is an important property of water.

Which of the following statements are correct?
$(a)$ Proteins are heteropolymers of amino acids.
$(b)$ The sugar found in nucleic acids is of the $\beta$-type.
$(c)$ Nucleic acids exhibit acidic properties.
$(d)$ $5$-methyl uracil is attached to the first carbon atom of the ribose sugar.
$(e)$ Collagen is the most abundant protein found in the plant kingdom.

Select the correct match for $X$ and $Y$.

Column $X$	Column $Y$
$(1)$ Oleic acid	$(P)$ Triose sugar
$(2)$ Trihydroxy alcohol	$(Q)$ Unsaturated fatty acid
$(3)$ Glyceraldehyde	$(R)$ Subcutaneous fat
$(4)$ Amylopectin	$(S)$ Glycerol
$(5)$ Cholesterol	$(T)$ Branched chain of glucose units

The given diagrammatic representation shows one of the categories of small molecular weight organic compounds in living tissues. Identify the category shown and the one blank component "$X$" in it.

Which of the following sets includes all fat-soluble vitamins?