$A$ very small circular loop of radius $a$ is initially (at $t=0$) coplanar and concentric with a much larger fixed circular loop of radius $b$. $A$ constant current $I$ flows in the larger loop. The smaller loop is rotated with a constant angular speed $\omega$ about the common diameter. The emf induced in the smaller loop as a function of time $t$ is

$A$ boat is moving due east in a region where the earth's magnetic field is $3.6 \times 10^{-5} \text{ T}$ due north and horizontal. The boat carries a vertical conducting rod $2 \text{ m}$ long. If the speed of the boat is $2.00 \text{ m/s}$, the magnitude of the induced e.m.f. in the rod is: (in $\text{ mV}$)

$A$ metal conductor of length $1 \ m$ rotates vertically about one of its ends at an angular velocity of $5 \ rad/s$. If the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field is $0.2 \times 10^{-4} \ T$,then the e.m.f. developed between the two ends of the conductor is:

$A$ copper disc of radius $0.1 \, m$ is rotated about its centre with $10 \, rev/s$ in a uniform magnetic field of $0.1 \, T$ with its plane perpendicular to the field. The emf induced across the radius of the disc is ........... $V$.

To measure a magnetic field between the magnetic poles of a loudspeaker, a small coil having $30$ turns and $2.5 \, cm^2$ area is placed perpendicular to the field and removed immediately. If the total charge flown through the coil is $7.5 \times 10^{-3} \, C$ and the total resistance of the wire and galvanometer is $0.3 \, \Omega$, then the magnitude of the magnetic field is

The figure shows a metal rod $PQ$ resting on the smooth rails $AB$ and positioned between the poles of a permanent magnet. The rails,the rod,and the magnetic field are in three mutually perpendicular directions. $A$ galvanometer $G$ connects the rails through a switch $K$. Length of the rod $= 15 \; cm$,$B = 0.50 \; T$,resistance of the closed loop containing the rod $= 9.0 \; m\Omega$. Assume the field to be uniform.
$(a)$ Suppose $K$ is open and the rod is moved with a speed of $12 \; cm \; s^{-1}$ in the direction shown. Give the polarity and magnitude of the induced $emf$.
$(b)$ Is there an excess charge built up at the ends of the rod when $K$ is open? What if $K$ is closed?
$(c)$ With $K$ open and the rod moving uniformly,there is no net force on the electrons in the rod $PQ$ even though they do experience magnetic force due to the motion of the rod. Explain.
$(d)$ What is the retarding force on the rod when $K$ is closed?
$(e)$ How much power is required (by an external agent) to keep the rod moving at the same speed $(= 12 \; cm \; s^{-1})$ when $K$ is closed? How much power is required when $K$ is open?
$(f)$ How much power is dissipated as heat in the closed circuit? What is the source of this power?
$(g)$ What is the induced $emf$ in the moving rod if the magnetic field is parallel to the rails instead of being perpendicular?