Which reagent is commonly used for the determination of water hardness by titration?

Temporary hardness in tap water is measured in terms of parts of $CaCO_3$ per $10^6$ parts of water. If $500 \ mL$ of hard water containing $Ca(HCO_3)_2$ was titrated against $\frac{1}{20} \ M \ H_2SO_4$ solution in the presence of a methyl orange indicator,and it required $40 \ mL$ of titrant,then the temporary hardness in the tap water is .............. $ppm$.

Can titrations with $KMnO_4$ be performed in the presence of $HCl$? Why?

Why in the redox titration of $KMnO_4$ vs oxalic acid,do we heat the oxalic acid solution before starting the titration?

Which reagent is commonly used in titration to determine the hardness of water?

In a conductometric titration,a small volume of titrant of higher concentration is added stepwise to a larger volume of titrate of much lower concentration,and the conductance is measured after each addition.
The limiting ionic conductivity ( $\Lambda ^0$ ) values (in $mS \ m ^2 \ mol ^{-1}$ ) for different ions in aqueous solutions are given below:

Ions	$Ag ^{+}$	$K ^{+}$	$Na ^{+}$	$H ^{+}$	$NO _3^{-}$	$Cl ^{-}$	$SO _4^{2-}$	$OH ^{-}$	$CH _3COO ^{-}$
$\Lambda _0$	$6.2$	$7.4$	$5.0$	$35.0$	$7.2$	$7.6$	$16.0$	$19.9$	$4.1$

For different combinations of titrates and titrants given in List-$I$,the graphs of 'conductance' versus 'volume of titrant' are given in List-$II$.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(P)$ Titrate: $KCl$,Titrant: $AgNO _3$	$(1)$ Graph showing initial decrease then increase
$(Q)$ Titrate: $AgNO _3$,Titrant: $KCl$	$(2)$ Graph showing sharp decrease then sharp increase
$(R)$ Titrate: $NaOH$,Titrant: $HCl$	$(3)$ Graph showing slight decrease then increase
$(S)$ Titrate: $NaOH$,Titrant: $CH _3COOH$	$(4)$ Graph showing continuous increase
	$(5)$ Graph showing decrease then constant

Match each entry in List-$I$ with the appropriate entry in List-$II$ and choose the correct option.