It increases the efficiency with which $DNA$ enters the bacterium through pores in its cell wall.

Main steps in the formation of Recombinant $DNA$ are given below. Arrange these steps in a correct sequence.
$A$. Insertion of recombinant $DNA$ into the host cell
$B$. Cutting of $DNA$ at specific location by restriction enzyme
$C$. Isolation of desired $DNA$ fragment
$D$. Amplification of gene of interest using $PCR$
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which one of the following statements is not true regarding the gel electrophoresis technique?

Which of the following is used for direct gene transfer?

The technique involving the insertion of a desired gene into the $DNA$ of a plasmid vector is known as:

Refer to the following statements for agarose-gel electrophoresis:
$(a)$ The $\text{DNA}$ fragments resolve according to their size.
$(b)$ The separated $\text{DNA}$ fragment can be visualised only after staining with ethidium bromide followed by exposure to $UV$ radiation.
$(c)$ $\text{DNA}$ is always loaded into the well.
$(d)$ The smallest fragment of $\text{DNA}$ is near the well.
Choose the correct statements: