$A$ radioactive nucleus has specific binding energy $E_{1}$. It emits an $\alpha$-particle. The resulting nucleus has specific binding energy $E_{2}$. Then

For the decay of a nucleus,which of the following is $NOT$ a possible reason?

Draw the nature of the graph of average binding energy per nucleon against atomic mass number and explain its notable points.

The graph shows the binding energy per nucleon versus mass number. $A, B, C, D, E, F$ are different nuclei. Four processes are given where $\varepsilon$ is the energy released. In which process is $\varepsilon > 0$?
$(i) \, A + B \rightarrow C + \varepsilon$
$(ii) \, C \rightarrow A + B + \varepsilon$
$(iii) \, D + E \rightarrow F + \varepsilon$
$(iv) \, F \rightarrow D + E + \varepsilon$

The equivalent energy of a mass equal to $1 \, a.m.u.$ is

The masses of neutron, proton and deuteron in amu are $1.00893$, $1.00813$ and $2.01473$, respectively. The packing fraction of the deuteron in amu is